The Emergencies Ministry said there were 44 passengers and six crew members on the Tatarstan Airlines flight.
Investigators are now looking at whether a technical failure or crew error may have caused the crash.
Investigative committee official Vladimir Markin told Rossiya 24 TV that experts were checking whether poor quality fuel and weather conditions could have been contributing factors.
It was raining in Kazan when the aircraft crashed.
Among the dead was Irek Minnikhanov, a son of the president of the Russian Republic of Tatarstan, according to the official passenger list.
Aleksander Antonov, who headed Tatarstan's branch of the Federal Security Service, was also among the passengers.
The UK Foreign Office confirmed that a British national died in the crash.
"We are in touch with local authorities and providing consular assistance to those affected," it said in a statement.
The victims also included two children.
Russian President Vladimir Putin "expressed his condolences to the relatives of the victims in this horrible disaster", his spokesman Dmitry Peskov was quoted by the news agency Interfax as saying.
